Why Use Lithium Ion Batteries With Caution?

At present, there are more and more opportunities to use lithium batteries, and the performance of lithium batteries is becoming more and more satisfactory. Lithium batteries must be used with care, especially when charging them. Wrong operation may result in: heat, bloating, cracking, smoking, fire, explosion, etc. So what are the problems caused by incorrect operation of a lithium-ion battery? The Rack Mount Li-Ion Battery System supplier will come to tell you.

The so-called wrong operation is not charging in a regular way. For example, the picture is simple and easy to operate, and the DC power supply is used for charging, so that it cannot be fully self-stopped, causing over-charging, which may eventually lead to serious consequences. The use of liquid lithium-ion batteries requires special care, because this type of battery is a steel-shell sealing structure. Excessive charging and discharging of the electrode can cause internal pressure to become large, heat, and eventually a strong explosion! The polymer lithium battery should be slightly safer, because this is the plastic-sealed outer casing of the aluminum-plastic composite film, so theoretically no explosion will occur, but abnormal operation will also cause serious problems such as failure, smoke, and fire.

Rack Mount Li-Ion Battery System

Why is there a safety problem with lithium batteries?

1. How is the internal short circuit formed: The biggest hidden danger of the Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System is that the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate is overcharged (even during normal charge and discharge), and lithium ions are deposited on the negative electrode to form dendrites. Pierce the diaphragm and form an internal short circuit. (Electric bicycle batteries are generally used lithium manganese oxide, safety performance is higher than lithium cobalt oxide)

2. Generate large current: external short circuit, internal short circuit will generate excessive current of several hundred amperes.

(1) When an external short circuit occurs, the battery is discharged at a large current due to an excessively low external load. It consumes a lot of energy on the internal resistance and generates a huge amount of heat.

(2) Internal short circuit, the main reason is that the diaphragm is penetrated, a large current is formed inside, and the temperature rise causes the diaphragm to melt, and the short-circuit area is enlarged, thereby forming a vicious circle.

(3) Where is the gas coming from: Lithium-ion battery to achieve a high operating voltage of 3-4.2V for a single cell (the working voltage of nickel-metal hydride and nickel-niobium battery is 1.2V, and the working voltage of lead-acid battery is 2V), must be taken The organic electrolyte is decomposed with a voltage greater than 2V, and the organic electrolyte is electrolyzed under high current and high temperature conditions, and the gas is generated by electrolysis, which causes the internal pressure to rise and severely breaks through the casing.

(4) How does the combustion occur: the heat is derived from a large current, and at the high voltage (above 5V), the oxide of the positive electrode also undergoes an oxidation reaction to precipitate metallic lithium, in the case where the gas causes the casing to rupture. Direct contact with the air causes combustion, and at the same time ignites the electrolyte, a strong flame occurs, and the gas rapidly expands and explodes.

(5) Whether the polymer battery has safety problems: The difference between the polymer battery and the lithium ion battery is that the electrolyte is gelatinous or semi-solid, and the lithium ion battery electrolyte is in a liquid state. At the same time, the polymer battery uses the flexible packaging of the aluminum-plastic composite film, when the gas is generated inside, the shell can be broken earlier to avoid excessive gas accumulation and severe cracking. However, polymer batteries do not fundamentally solve the safety problem. Similarly, using positive electrode materials such as lithium cobaltate and lithium manganate and organic electrolytes, smoke or even more violent combustion occurs, and combustion is the most safety of polymer batteries. 

The above is a description of the High C-Rate LFP Battery System manufacturer's precautions regarding the operation of lithium batteries, hoping to help everyone.

What Is A Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery?

Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery has a series of unique advantages such as high working voltage, high energy density, long cycle life, small self-discharge rate, no memory effect, green environmental protection, and supports stepless expansion, suitable for large-scale energy storage, in renewable Energy power station power generation and safety grid connection, power grid peaking, distributed power station, UPS power supply, emergency power system and other fields have a good application prospects.

Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System

According to the latest energy storage report released by GTM Research recently, the application of China's grid side energy storage project in 2018 has continued to increase the use of lithium iron phosphate batteries. With the rise of the energy storage market, in recent years, some power battery companies have deployed energy storage businesses to open up new application markets for lithium iron phosphate batteries. So what are the main application areas of lithium iron phosphate batteries? Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Manufacturer will come to tell you.

On the one hand, due to its long life, safe use, large capacity, and environmental protection, lithium iron phosphate can be transferred to the energy storage field to extend the value chain and promote the establishment of a new business model. On the other hand, the energy storage system supporting lithium iron phosphate battery has become the mainstream choice in the current market. It has been reported that lithium iron phosphate batteries have been tried for electric buses, electric trucks, user side and grid side FM. With the continuous expansion of capacity and scale, the integration of technology continues to mature, the cost of energy storage systems will be further reduced. After long-term testing of safety and reliability, lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage systems are expected to be renewable in wind power, photovoltaic power generation, etc. Energy grids are widely used for safe grid connection and improved power quality.

On the other hand, the power grid peaks The main means of peak shaving in power grids has always been pumped storage power stations. Because the pumped storage power station needs to build two upper and lower reservoirs, which are restricted by geographical conditions, it is not easy to construct in the plain area, and it has a large area and high maintenance cost. The lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage system is used to replace the pumped storage power station, which responds to the peak load of the power grid, is not restricted by geographical conditions, has free site selection, low investment, small land occupation, low maintenance cost, and plays an important role in the peaking process of the power grid.

Finally there are other areas of application. Lithium iron phosphate battery has been widely used in the military field due to its good cycle life, safety and low temperature performance. The Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Energy Storage System has a series of unique advantages such as high working voltage, high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental protection, and supports stepless expansion. After the energy storage system is formed, large-scale electric energy storage can be performed. The lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage system is composed of a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, a battery management system, a commutation device (rectifier, inverter), a central monitoring system, a transformer, and the like. During the charging phase, the intermittent power supply or the power grid charges the energy storage system. After the AC power is passed through the rectifier, it is rectified to DC power to charge the energy storage battery module to store energy. During the discharge phase, the energy storage system discharges to the power grid or load, and the energy storage battery module The DC power is inverted by the inverter to AC power, and the inverter output is controlled by the central monitoring system to provide stable power output to the grid or load.

Battery Safety Precautions

The battery is an indispensable part of our daily lives, and the safe use of the battery is also to protect our personal safety. Here we will introduce to you the precautions for safe use of the battery.

Precautions before using the battery

1, incoming inspection

When incoming inspection, it is necessary to check whether the outer box is damaged. If there is deformation or damage, it is necessary to open the box to confirm whether the battery is crushed or deformed. Check whether the battery is qualified according to the specified standards. Specifications, date and other information for easy first-in-first-out management, while easy to identify products that are stored for too long; for High Energy Li-Ion Battery System, this battery pack should be handled with care.

 High Energy Li-Ion Battery System

2, storage

Pay attention to keeping the warehouse dry, clean and not crowded. It is recommended to keep the gap between the box and the box at 0.5-0.8m spacing;

It is recommended that the warehouse be on duty 24 hours, and warehouse personnel should have a high awareness of fire protection;

The warehouse should be equipped with: fire sand, asbestos blanket, asbestos gloves, pliers, masks;

The battery storage temperature must be in the range of -10°C ~ 45°C; long-term storage of the battery (more than 3 months) must be placed in a temperature of 23±5°C, humidity of 65 ±20% RH environment.

Battery use precautions

1, voltage control

The normal voltage of the battery is 3.0V---4.2V (single-cell battery). When the battery is charged and discharged, it should be controlled within this range. Before charging and discharging the battery, it is recommended to check the voltage of each battery of the battery. What is the battery voltage in the first month of the factory is about 3.8-3.9v (single-cell battery), the voltage difference of each cell in the same battery pack is within 20mV; the battery is more than three months in use. Group, the battery voltage difference is within 50mV; the highest voltage limit that the battery can withstand is 4.22V (single-cell battery), the minimum limit voltage is 2.8V (single-cell battery), when the battery voltage is higher than 4.22V or low At 2.8V, the charge and discharge performance and safety performance of the battery may be damaged, which may cause heat, leakage, and flatulence. For drones or other products with operating current exceeding 3C (the internal resistance of such products is small, the main capacity) Focus on 3.2V or more), it is recommended that the discharge cut-off voltage be 3.2V, reducing the risk of over-discharge. Lithium-ion Battery Packs For Forklifts also follow the above principles.

2, charging precautions

The ambient temperature range during charging is 0~+45°C;

The charging current shall not exceed the maximum current indicated in the specification, and shall not exceed 2C in general;

A battery that has bulging, deformation, leakage, or a voltage lower than 2.8V cannot be charged; the temperature of the battery before charging at room temperature must not exceed 40°C;

The upper limit voltage of charging shall not exceed 4.22V, and the surface temperature of the battery body shall not be higher than 45°C after charging at room temperature;

It is recommended to use a charger that is produced by a regular manufacturer and has a reliable quality. The battery pack recommends a charger with a balanced function.

3, discharge precautions

The temperature range during discharge is -20~+60°C; the discharge current shall not exceed the maximum current indicated in the specification; batteries with bulging, deformation, leakage or voltage difference ≥30mV shall not be discharged; the lower limit voltage of discharge shall not be lower than 3.0V ( Single-cell battery), the maximum voltage difference of each cell of the battery pack after high-current discharge shall not exceed 150mv, and the surface temperature shall not exceed 80°C. Lithium-Ion Battery Cabinet must not exceed the maximum current when discharged.

4. Transportation

The battery to be transported should be filled, bumped, etc. to avoid the battery being subjected to severe collision or vibration; if the battery is found to have any abnormal characteristics, such as damage to the battery core seal, the casing is damaged, and the smell of the electrolyte is smelled. The battery should not be used for leakage, etc. The battery with electrolyte leakage or smell of electrolyte should be kept away from fire to avoid danger.

What Is A Lithium Battery?

A lithium battery is a type of battery using a lithium metal or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode material and using a nonaqueous electrolyte solution. The first scientist to invent a lithium battery was Edison. Of course, people are now completely familiar with lithium batteries, especially the emergence of ESS All-In-One Indoor, which is widely used in vehicles, electric vehicles and other transportation fields, people's attention to lithium batteries has been upgraded to a higher level.

ESS All-In-One Indoor

Lithium battery classification

1. According to internal materials, lithium batteries are usually divided into two categories:

Lithium metal battery: A lithium metal battery is generally a battery using manganese dioxide as a positive electrode material, metallic lithium or an alloy metal thereof as a negative electrode material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution.

Lithium-ion battery: A lithium-ion battery is generally a battery using a lithium alloy metal oxide as a positive electrode material, graphite as a negative electrode material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte.

Although the lithium metal battery has a high energy density, it can theoretically reach 3,860 watts/kg. However, since it is not stable enough and cannot be charged, it cannot be used as a power battery for repeated use. Lithium-ion batteries have been developed as the main power battery due to their ability to be repeatedly charged. For example, Lithium-Ion Battery Pack For Golf Cart can be used repeatedly in this case. However, because of its combination with different elements, the composition of the cathode material varies greatly in various aspects, leading to an increase in the industry's disputes over the cathode material route.

2, by purpose; can also be divided into two categories:

The first one is the digital battery, which is the daily mobile phone, tablet, mobile power supply, etc. These are all digital batteries.

The second type is the power battery, which is Tesla, BYD some new energy electric vehicles, and batteries for products such as drones. These batteries require a large amount of instantaneous current, and digital batteries can not meet the instantaneous high current, so this The class is also called a high rate battery, and the price is more expensive than the digital battery.

3, according to the shell material, can be divided into three categories:

The first category, steel-shell batteries, as the name suggests, is that the outer casing is steel.

The second type, the aluminum shell battery, the same shell is made of aluminum.

The third category, polymer batteries, the outer shell is a polymer material, mostly silver, a few manufacturers are doing black, the industry has become black leather.

Lithium battery structure

The lithium battery structure is divided into five parts, namely, positive electrode, negative electrode, diaphragm, electrolyte and outer casing.

(1) The positive electrode of a lithium battery contains an active material, a conductive agent, a solvent, a binder, a matrix, and the like.

(2) The negative electrode of a lithium battery contains an active material, a binder, a solvent, a matrix, and the like.

(3) Lithium battery separator

(4) Lithium battery electrolyte

(5) The lithium battery case contains steel shells, aluminum shells, cover plates, tabs, insulating tape and other hardware.

The production process of lithium batteries is not very consistent with each manufacturer, but most of them are inseparable from these links, specifically as follows: material preparation - homogenization - coating - rolling - slitting - baking Bake - winding - into the shell - laser welding - baking - injection - pre-filling - sealing - cleaning - aging - full inspection - storage - shipping.

Objectively speaking, the lithium battery production process is divided into three major sections, one is the production of pole pieces, the second is the production of batteries, and the third is battery assembly. In the lithium battery production process, the pole piece production is the foundation, the battery core production is the core, and the battery assembly is related to the quality of the lithium battery product. The specific steps of the lithium battery production process include positive electrode drawing, negative electrode drawing, positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet, steel shell assembly, liquid injection and testing, and packaging.

The above is a description of the lithium battery. If you are interested in lithium batteries, you can contact us. We are an excellent developer and supplier of innovative intelligent energy storage systems, which can provide you with Rack Mount Li-Ion Battery System. Welcome you.

Why Does The Lithium Battery Pack Catch Fire And How To Deal With It?

Find here details of Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System on our website. Today we would like to talk about why does the lithium battery pack catch fire and how to deal with it.

Lithium-ion battery ignition is a very unusual situation, but when it happens, it causes a strong reaction and causes a lot of exposure. Whether it is a storage station or an electric bicycle, the cause of the battery fire may be internal battery failure, not the battery itself. The main reason is that the heat is out of control. To know how to put out a fire, you must know what caused the battery to malfunction.

The main reason for the ignition of lithium batteries is that the heat in the battery is not released according to the design requirements, and a fire occurs after the ignition point of the internal and external combustion materials is reached. The main causes are external short circuits, external high temperatures and internal short circuits.

Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System

How to deal with the ignition problem of lithium ion batteries? The professional factory who can supply you with Reliability Lithium-ion Battery System.

After fully understanding the cause of the ignition of the lithium battery, we should propose how to extinguish the fire after the fire. There are four ways to do this.

1. The installation is only a small fire, the high-voltage battery is not affected by the flame, and the carbon dioxide or dry powder fire extinguisher can be used to extinguish the fire.

2. If the high voltage battery is deformed or severely deformed in a severe fire, the battery may be malfunctioning. Then we have to put out a lot of water to put out the fire. There must be a lot of water.

3. When inspecting the specific conditions of the fire, do not touch any high-voltage components. Be sure to check that the entire inspection is performed using an insulated tool.

4. Be patient when extinguishing fires. It may take a whole day. If you have a thermal imaging camera, you can use it. Thermal imaging cameras can be monitored to ensure that the high voltage battery is completely cooled before the end of the accident. If this is not the case, monitor the battery throughout the process until the lithium-ion battery pack no longer heats up. Make sure there is no problem after at least an hour. We need a lot of time and effort to make sure it doesn't happen again, but don't worry too much. Lithium batteries are not explosive, and in general, such large accidents do not occur.

If you want to learn more information about LFP Battery Energy Storage System, feel free to contact us.